1201 - One of the reasons for the evolutionary success of the kingdom Monera is that its members are nutritionally diverse. Which of the following(s) is/are the way(s) of obtaining energy?
1201 - One of the reasons for the evolutionary success of the kingdom Monera is that its members are nutritionally diverse. Which of the following(s) is/are the way(s) of obtaining energy?
All of the above
1202 - One virus particle prevents multiplication of 2nd virus. This phenomena is____________?
1202 - One virus particle prevents multiplication of 2nd virus. This phenomena is____________?
Viral interference
1203 - Opacity around colonies of Clostridium perfringens is due to_________________?
1203 - Opacity around colonies of Clostridium perfringens is due to_________________?
Lecithinase
1204 - Operation theatres are sterilized by_____________?
1204 - Operation theatres are sterilized by_____________?
Formaldehyde fumigation
1205 - Opportunistic infection is caused by___________________?
1205 - Opportunistic infection is caused by___________________?
All of the above
1206 - Opsonisation is by_______________?
1206 - Opsonisation is by_______________?
Both B & C
1207 - Optimal pH for enzyme will be ?
1207 - Optimal pH for enzyme will be ?
5
1208 - Ordinary inoculating loop can be used for inoculation of yeasts.
1208 - Ordinary inoculating loop can be used for inoculation of yeasts.
TRUE
1209 - Organ of locomotion in bacteria is________________?
1209 - Organ of locomotion in bacteria is________________?
Flagella
1210 - Organic molecules that increase the rate of metabolic reactions with themselves changing are known as
1210 - Organic molecules that increase the rate of metabolic reactions with themselves changing are known as
enzymes
1211 - Organism most frequently associated with urinary tract infections is_________________?
1211 - Organism most frequently associated with urinary tract infections is_________________?
Escherichia coli
1212 - Organism that have little risk of infection can be derived from which of the following type of laboratory?
1212 - Organism that have little risk of infection can be derived from which of the following type of laboratory?
BSL2
1213 - Organism that produce lactic acid as well as some other acids and alcohols are known as
1213 - Organism that produce lactic acid as well as some other acids and alcohols are known as
Both A and C
1214 - Organisms are parasitic and have a resistant spore with one to six coiled polar filaments belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
1214 - Organisms are parasitic and have a resistant spore with one to six coiled polar filaments belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
Myxozoa
1215 - Organisms can synthesize ATP by oxidative phosphorylation when they
1215 - Organisms can synthesize ATP by oxidative phosphorylation when they
pass electrons to oxygen through an electron transport system containing cytochromes
1216 - Organisms such as lactobacilli that have elaborate requirements for specific nutrients i.e. vitamins and other growth promoting substances, are generally called as
1216 - Organisms such as lactobacilli that have elaborate requirements for specific nutrients i.e. vitamins and other growth promoting substances, are generally called as
fastidious hetrotrophs
1217 - Organisms which have spore-forming stage in their life cycle and lack special locomotory organelles belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
1217 - Organisms which have spore-forming stage in their life cycle and lack special locomotory organelles belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
Apicomplexa
1218 - Organisms with amoeboid cells that move within a network of mucous tracks using a typical gliding motion belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
1218 - Organisms with amoeboid cells that move within a network of mucous tracks using a typical gliding motion belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
Labyinthomorpha
1219 - Organisms with complex life cycles which include a mammalian host and an insect host and involves schizogony as part of the cycle belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
1219 - Organisms with complex life cycles which include a mammalian host and an insect host and involves schizogony as part of the cycle belong to which phylum of Protozoa?
Apicomplexa
1220 - Organisms, using organic compounds as electron donors are called
1220 - Organisms, using organic compounds as electron donors are called
organotrophs
1221 - Outer membrane of gram negative bacteria made up of
1221 - Outer membrane of gram negative bacteria made up of
All of these
1222 - Overactivity of Th cells may result into
1222 - Overactivity of Th cells may result into
autoimmunity
1223 - Oxidation is the
1223 - Oxidation is the
loss of electron
1224 - Oxidation ponds are shallow ponds, generally designed at the depth of
1224 - Oxidation ponds are shallow ponds, generally designed at the depth of
2 to 40 feet
1225 - Oxidation ponds are very deep ponds.
1225 - Oxidation ponds are very deep ponds.
FALSE
1226 - Oxygen is toxic for growth of _____ ________bacteria
1226 - Oxygen is toxic for growth of _____ ________bacteria
Facultative anaerobes
1227 - Paper, glass beads can be used to immobilize enzymes.
1227 - Paper, glass beads can be used to immobilize enzymes.
TRUE
1228 - Paralytic shell fish poisoning caused by which of the following algae?
1228 - Paralytic shell fish poisoning caused by which of the following algae?
Dianoflagellates
1229 - Parasitic infection/s frequently observed in HIV disease is / are.
1229 - Parasitic infection/s frequently observed in HIV disease is / are.
all of these
1230 - parasitic inflammation would show predominantly____________________?
1230 - parasitic inflammation would show predominantly____________________?
Eosinophils
1231 - Parasitism results from competition among organisms for essential nutrients.
1231 - Parasitism results from competition among organisms for essential nutrients.
FALSE
1232 - Parsnip like odour and taste in beer is caused by
1232 - Parsnip like odour and taste in beer is caused by
Flavobacterium proteus
1233 - Parvoviruses contain how many genes?
1233 - Parvoviruses contain how many genes?
3 genes
1234 - Passage of water from a low solute concentration into the cell is referred to as ______________
1234 - Passage of water from a low solute concentration into the cell is referred to as ______________
plasmoptysis
1235 - Passive diffusion requires the use of membrane transport proteins for the transport of solute molecules across the membrane.
1235 - Passive diffusion requires the use of membrane transport proteins for the transport of solute molecules across the membrane.
FALSE
1236 - Passive immunization is done for
1236 - Passive immunization is done for
diphtheria
1237 - Pasteur developed the vaccine for_______________?
1237 - Pasteur developed the vaccine for_______________?
All of the above
1238 - Pathogenesis of diphtheria is attributed to__________________?
1238 - Pathogenesis of diphtheria is attributed to__________________?
Exotoxin
1239 - Pathogenic bacteria can be :
1239 - Pathogenic bacteria can be :
All of these
1240 - Pathogenic fungi have a temperature optimum at __________
1240 - Pathogenic fungi have a temperature optimum at __________
30 to 37 degree celsius
1241 - Pathogenic treponemas can be maintained in________________?
1241 - Pathogenic treponemas can be maintained in________________?
Rabbit testis only
1242 - Patients with botulism are treated with monovalent antitoxin.
1242 - Patients with botulism are treated with monovalent antitoxin.
FALSE
1243 - patients with organ transplants are most frequently infected with______________?
1243 - patients with organ transplants are most frequently infected with______________?
CMV
1244 - PCR stands for________
1244 - PCR stands for________
Polymerase Chain Reaction
1245 - Pectinase, an enzyme used for increasing yield and for clarifying juice is obtained by
1245 - Pectinase, an enzyme used for increasing yield and for clarifying juice is obtained by
all of these
1246 - Penicillin causes inhibition of Mycoplasmas.
1246 - Penicillin causes inhibition of Mycoplasmas.
FALSE
1247 - Penicillin G is also known as
1247 - Penicillin G is also known as
benzyl penicillin
1248 - Penicillin resistance in staphylococci is acquired due to
1248 - Penicillin resistance in staphylococci is acquired due to
transduction
1249 - Penicillium chrysogenum is a better penicillin producing species.
1249 - Penicillium chrysogenum is a better penicillin producing species.
TRUE
1250 - Peptidoglycan accounts for __________ of the dry weight of cell wall in many gram positive bacteria
1250 - Peptidoglycan accounts for __________ of the dry weight of cell wall in many gram positive bacteria
50% or more
1251 - Peptidoglycan is also known as
1251 - Peptidoglycan is also known as
murein mucopeptide
1252 - Peptidoglycan is found only in the bacterial
1252 - Peptidoglycan is found only in the bacterial
cell wall
1253 - Peptidoglycan is made up of __________
1253 - Peptidoglycan is made up of __________
N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmuramic acid, amino acids
1254 - Peptidoglycan layer is present in large quantity in?
1254 - Peptidoglycan layer is present in large quantity in?
Gram-positive bacteria
1255 - Peptone water and nutrient broth are
1255 - Peptone water and nutrient broth are
basal media
1256 - Periplasm is
1256 - Periplasm is
the area between the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria
1257 - Petroff-Hausser cell counter is used in _________
1257 - Petroff-Hausser cell counter is used in _________
Direct Microscopic count
1258 - pH range optimal for maximum metabolic activity of protozoa is ______________
1258 - pH range optimal for maximum metabolic activity of protozoa is ______________
44720
1259 - Phage conversion is required for________________?
1259 - Phage conversion is required for________________?
Diptheria
1260 - Phagocytosis enhanced by coating the surface of antigen is called______________?
1260 - Phagocytosis enhanced by coating the surface of antigen is called______________?
Opsonisation
1261 - Phase contrast microscopy is based on principle of__________________?
1261 - Phase contrast microscopy is based on principle of__________________?
Different refractive indices of object
1262 - Phenol is considered as a chemotherapeutic agent.
1262 - Phenol is considered as a chemotherapeutic agent.
FALSE
1263 - Phosphatase enzyme present in milk is destroyed in which of the following processes?
1263 - Phosphatase enzyme present in milk is destroyed in which of the following processes?
Pasteurization
1264 - Phosphate deregulated mutants are
1264 - Phosphate deregulated mutants are
less sensitive to phosphate regulation
1265 - Phosphate is considered to restrict the induction of
1265 - Phosphate is considered to restrict the induction of
secondary metabolites
1266 - Phosphate regulation has been observed in the production of
1266 - Phosphate regulation has been observed in the production of
all of these
1267 - Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is converted to oxaloacetate by the enzyme PEP deaminase.
1267 - Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is converted to oxaloacetate by the enzyme PEP deaminase.
FALSE
1268 - Phospholipid used to investigate syphilis by the reagin test is________________?
1268 - Phospholipid used to investigate syphilis by the reagin test is________________?
Cardiolipin
1269 - Phosphorus is essential component of __________
1269 - Phosphorus is essential component of __________
teichoic acid, nucleotides, phospholipids
1270 - Photolyase enzyme responsible for _______
1270 - Photolyase enzyme responsible for _______
Repair DNA by separating dimer back to original thymine
1271 - Photoreactivation can cause repair of DNA damaged by which of the following mutagens?
1271 - Photoreactivation can cause repair of DNA damaged by which of the following mutagens?
UV rays
1272 - Phycoerythrin pigment is present in which algal division?
1272 - Phycoerythrin pigment is present in which algal division?
Rhodophycophyta
1273 - Physical sterilization was discovered by__________________?
1273 - Physical sterilization was discovered by__________________?
Joeph Lister
1274 - Phytoplanktonic organisms are non-motile.
1274 - Phytoplanktonic organisms are non-motile.
FALSE
1275 - Pickled cucumber is made from fermented salt-stock pickles.
1275 - Pickled cucumber is made from fermented salt-stock pickles.
FALSE
1276 - Pigs are important source of_____________?
1276 - Pigs are important source of_____________?
Japanese encephalitis
1277 - Pigs respond dramatically to the addition of which of the following antibiotics to their diet?
1277 - Pigs respond dramatically to the addition of which of the following antibiotics to their diet?
oxytetracycline
1278 - Pink rots in eggs is caused by the strains of
1278 - Pink rots in eggs is caused by the strains of
Pseudomonas
1279 - Plamids are circular DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication.
1279 - Plamids are circular DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication.
TRUE
1280 - Planktonic means:
1280 - Planktonic means:
Free swimming organism in water
1281 - Plant viruses may be cultivated in
1281 - Plant viruses may be cultivated in
all of these
1282 - Plant viruses penetrate host cells through transient ores called
1282 - Plant viruses penetrate host cells through transient ores called
ectodesmata
1283 - Plaque test is used routinely in virology lab's for________________?
1283 - Plaque test is used routinely in virology lab's for________________?
Identification of viral disease
1284 - Plasmagel is known as __________________
1284 - Plasmagel is known as __________________
ectoplasm
1285 - Plasmid that carries genes encoding enzymes, which degrade substances such as aromatic compounds, pesticides or sugar are
1285 - Plasmid that carries genes encoding enzymes, which degrade substances such as aromatic compounds, pesticides or sugar are
metabolic plasmid
1286 - Plasmid__________________?
1286 - Plasmid__________________?
Both A & B
1287 - Plasmodium divides by which of the following method most commonly?
1287 - Plasmodium divides by which of the following method most commonly?
Multiple fission
1288 - Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because
1288 - Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because
all of the above
1289 - Plate count of bacteria in foods generally use the plating medium consisting of
1289 - Plate count of bacteria in foods generally use the plating medium consisting of
peptone, yeast extract, glucose, sodium chloride, agar and distilled water
1290 - Plate counts are often reported as
1290 - Plate counts are often reported as
cfu/ml
1291 - Platyhelminths meant by
1291 - Platyhelminths meant by
Flatworms
1292 - Pleomorphic viruses possess double-stranded DNA.
1292 - Pleomorphic viruses possess double-stranded DNA.
TRUE
1293 - Pneumococus can be differentiated from streptococcus by________________?
1293 - Pneumococus can be differentiated from streptococcus by________________?
Bile solubility
1294 - Poliovirus attaches to central nervous system by means of ______________
1294 - Poliovirus attaches to central nervous system by means of ______________
proteins
1295 - Polioviruses belong to which of the following groups?
1295 - Polioviruses belong to which of the following groups?
enteroviruses
1296 - Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) present in aerobic bacteria can serve as?
1296 - Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) present in aerobic bacteria can serve as?
a reserve carbon and energy source
1297 - Polyene antibiotics act on the plasma membrane of the fungus.
1297 - Polyene antibiotics act on the plasma membrane of the fungus.
TRUE
1298 - Polyene antibiotics are
1298 - Polyene antibiotics are
large ring structures
1299 - Polyisoprenoid branched-chain lipids, are present in which of the following?
1299 - Polyisoprenoid branched-chain lipids, are present in which of the following?
Archaebacteria
1300 - Polymerase chain reaction basically consists of
1300 - Polymerase chain reaction basically consists of
three steps
1301 - Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or PMNs)
1301 - Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or PMNs)
all of the above
1302 - Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a complex belonging to which group?
1302 - Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a complex belonging to which group?
Iodophors
1303 - Pontiac fever is a more severe disease than Legionnaires’ disease.
1303 - Pontiac fever is a more severe disease than Legionnaires’ disease.
FALSE
1304 - Populations of cells descending from a single cell are known as ____________
1304 - Populations of cells descending from a single cell are known as ____________
clones
1305 - Porins are located in
1305 - Porins are located in
the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
1306 - Porins are special proteins act as channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
1306 - Porins are special proteins act as channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
TRUE
1307 - Portal of entry of poliovirus in mainly_______________?
1307 - Portal of entry of poliovirus in mainly_______________?
Gastrointestinal tract
1308 - Porter or permease is located in the _______________
1308 - Porter or permease is located in the _______________
cytoplasmic membrane
1309 - Portion of immunoglobulin molecule with molecular weight to 50000_________________?
1309 - Portion of immunoglobulin molecule with molecular weight to 50000_________________?
H chain
1310 - Post streptococcal acute glomerulo nephritis is an example of________________?
1310 - Post streptococcal acute glomerulo nephritis is an example of________________?
Type III hypersensitivity
1311 - Postgates assay technique is useful in determining if a cell is viable even though it is
1311 - Postgates assay technique is useful in determining if a cell is viable even though it is
incapable of cell division
1312 - Precipitation reaction can be converted into agglutination reaction by coating soluble antigen onto
1312 - Precipitation reaction can be converted into agglutination reaction by coating soluble antigen onto
all of these
1313 - Precipitation reaction is relatively less sensitive for the detection of
1313 - Precipitation reaction is relatively less sensitive for the detection of
antibodies
1314 - Preparing colourless bacteria against or coloured background is called _______
1314 - Preparing colourless bacteria against or coloured background is called _______
Negative staining
1315 - Presence of HBe Ag in patients with hepatitis indicates_____________?
1315 - Presence of HBe Ag in patients with hepatitis indicates_____________?
High infectivity
1316 - Presence of HBe Ag in Patients with hepatitis indicates_______________?
1316 - Presence of HBe Ag in Patients with hepatitis indicates_______________?
High infectivity
1317 - Preservation of foods by using salts and sugars works by
1317 - Preservation of foods by using salts and sugars works by
creating a hypertonic environment
1318 - Primarily human pathogenic bacteria is/are ,
1318 - Primarily human pathogenic bacteria is/are ,
all of these
1319 - Primary differences between cilia and flagella are
1319 - Primary differences between cilia and flagella are
number, length and direction of force
1320 - Primary producers are found growing in which of the following layers of water?
1320 - Primary producers are found growing in which of the following layers of water?
upper layer
1321 - Prions true is____________?
1321 - Prions true is____________?
Readily inactivated by autoclave at 121 C
1322 - Probiotic organism used_________________?
1322 - Probiotic organism used_________________?
Bifido bacteria
1323 - Prodigiosin (red pigment) is produced by members of genus
1323 - Prodigiosin (red pigment) is produced by members of genus
Serratia
1324 - Production of acetoin can be detected by which of the following tests?
1324 - Production of acetoin can be detected by which of the following tests?
Voges-Proskauer test
1325 - Prokaryotic cells are placed in which of the following kingdom
1325 - Prokaryotic cells are placed in which of the following kingdom
Monera
1326 - Prokaryotic microorganism include
1326 - Prokaryotic microorganism include
bacteria
1327 - Prontosil is
1327 - Prontosil is
an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures
1328 - Proofreading activity to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis
1328 - Proofreading activity to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis
is a function of the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of the DNA polymerases
1329 - Propionate and acetate are produced as an end product of fermentation in which of the following bacteria?
1329 - Propionate and acetate are produced as an end product of fermentation in which of the following bacteria?
Anaerovibrio
1330 - Propionibacterium is normal resident of _______
1330 - Propionibacterium is normal resident of _______
Skin
1331 - Prosthecae helps in __________
1331 - Prosthecae helps in __________
nutrient absorption and attachment to surfaces
1332 - Protease, which is used for flavouring of sake and haze removal in sake is produced by
1332 - Protease, which is used for flavouring of sake and haze removal in sake is produced by
A. oryzae
1333 - Protein A is found in cell wall of
1333 - Protein A is found in cell wall of
Staphylococcus aureus
1334 - Protein molecules can easily pass into the cell for being utilized for energy production.
1334 - Protein molecules can easily pass into the cell for being utilized for energy production.
FALSE
1335 - Protein portion of an enzyme when it is combined with organic molecule is termed as
1335 - Protein portion of an enzyme when it is combined with organic molecule is termed as
apoenzyme
1336 - Protein synthesis in bacteria takes place on which of the following organelles?
1336 - Protein synthesis in bacteria takes place on which of the following organelles?
Ribosomes
1337 - Proteomics is
1337 - Proteomics is
the study of the entire collection of proteins expressed by an organism
1338 - Protozoa and other minute animal life are known as ____________________
1338 - Protozoa and other minute animal life are known as ____________________
zooplankton
1339 - Protozoa are generally not
1339 - Protozoa are generally not
multicellular
1340 - Protozoa have several types of vacuoles.The function of a contractile vacuole is to
1340 - Protozoa have several types of vacuoles.The function of a contractile vacuole is to
maintain osmotic balance by continuous water expulsion
1341 - Protozoa that eat other organisms are known as _______________
1341 - Protozoa that eat other organisms are known as _______________
holozoic
1342 - Protozoan mobility is due to the fibrils present.
1342 - Protozoan mobility is due to the fibrils present.
FALSE
1343 - Prozone phenomenon is due to______________?
1343 - Prozone phenomenon is due to______________?
Excess antibody
1344 - Pseudohphae are seen in____________?
1344 - Pseudohphae are seen in____________?
Candida albicans
1345 - Pseudomembraneous colitis is
1345 - Pseudomembraneous colitis is
all of the above
1346 - Pseudomembranous colitis is a disease of _________________
1346 - Pseudomembranous colitis is a disease of _________________
bowel
1347 - Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by the strains of which of the following microorganism?
1347 - Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by the strains of which of the following microorganism?
Clostridium difficile
1348 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be diagnosed from the pigment, known as
1348 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be diagnosed from the pigment, known as
Pyocyanin
1349 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms a blue water soluble pigment called
1349 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms a blue water soluble pigment called
pyocyanin
1350 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa_________________?
1350 - Pseudomonas aeruginosa_________________?
Causes Shangai fever
1351 - Pseudomonas bacteria uses which of the following as an electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration?
1351 - Pseudomonas bacteria uses which of the following as an electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration?
Nitrate
1352 - Pseudomonas maltophilia is a fluorescent species.
1352 - Pseudomonas maltophilia is a fluorescent species.
Flase
1353 - Pseudomonas nigrifaciens in mildly salted butter may cause
1353 - Pseudomonas nigrifaciens in mildly salted butter may cause
black smudge
1354 - Pseudomonas pseudoflava can grow as
1354 - Pseudomonas pseudoflava can grow as
both (a) and (b)
1355 - Pseudomonas syncyanea produces a
1355 - Pseudomonas syncyanea produces a
bluish gray to brownish color in milk in its pure form
1356 - Puerperal fever is a streptococcal infection of the ______________
1356 - Puerperal fever is a streptococcal infection of the ______________
uterus
1357 - Purple and green sulfur bacteria use ___________________ as the electron donor to reduce carbon dioxide.
1357 - Purple and green sulfur bacteria use ___________________ as the electron donor to reduce carbon dioxide.
H2S
1358 - Purple Sulphur Bacteria contains bacteriochlorophyll b and bacteriochlorophyll c.
1358 - Purple Sulphur Bacteria contains bacteriochlorophyll b and bacteriochlorophyll c.
FALSE
1359 - Purpose of Sterilization is to eliminate________________?
1359 - Purpose of Sterilization is to eliminate________________?
Spore formers
1360 - Pyocyanin, a blue water-soluble pigment is produced by which of the following pseudomonads?
1360 - Pyocyanin, a blue water-soluble pigment is produced by which of the following pseudomonads?
P.aeruginosa
1361 - Pyoverdin is which type of pigment?
1361 - Pyoverdin is which type of pigment?
fluorescent pigment
1362 - Quantitative measurement of bacterial growth can be carried out by measuring
1362 - Quantitative measurement of bacterial growth can be carried out by measuring
all of these
1363 - Quellung reaction is used for typing of
1363 - Quellung reaction is used for typing of
Both (a) and (b)
1364 - Quinolones are
1364 - Quinolones are
broad-spectrum
1365 - Quinones and related antibiotics are
1365 - Quinones and related antibiotics are
all of these
1366 - Quorum sensing can help bacteria to ___________with each other
1366 - Quorum sensing can help bacteria to ___________with each other
All of these
1367 - R factors involved in plant-microbe interactions are
1367 - R factors involved in plant-microbe interactions are
plant proteins
1368 - Rabies virus________________?
1368 - Rabies virus________________?
Neurotropic
1369 - Radical shifts in pH can be prevented by incorporating
1369 - Radical shifts in pH can be prevented by incorporating
a buffer
1370 - Radioisotopes are frequently used in the study of cells. Assume a culture of E. coli is grown in a culture medium containing radioactive phosphorous. At the end of 48 hours, it is expected to find the radioactive label located in
1370 - Radioisotopes are frequently used in the study of cells. Assume a culture of E. coli is grown in a culture medium containing radioactive phosphorous. At the end of 48 hours, it is expected to find the radioactive label located in
all of these
1371 - Radioisotopes are frequently used in the study of cells. Assume a culture of E. coli is grown in a culture medium containing radioactive sulphur. At the end of 48 hours, it is expected to find the radioactive label located in
1371 - Radioisotopes are frequently used in the study of cells. Assume a culture of E. coli is grown in a culture medium containing radioactive sulphur. At the end of 48 hours, it is expected to find the radioactive label located in
enzymes
1372 - Rapid diagnosis of Tuberculosis is possible with_______________?
1372 - Rapid diagnosis of Tuberculosis is possible with_______________?
Auramine-Rhodamine stain
1373 - Rapid evaluation of fungal hyphae/spores can be achieved with_______________?
1373 - Rapid evaluation of fungal hyphae/spores can be achieved with_______________?
KOH wet mount
1374 - Rapidly expanding urbanization makes it difficult to generalize upon typical microbial flora of streams.
1374 - Rapidly expanding urbanization makes it difficult to generalize upon typical microbial flora of streams.
TRUE
1375 - Raw milk of good sanitary quality will develop sweet flavour.
1375 - Raw milk of good sanitary quality will develop sweet flavour.
FALSE
1376 - Recognition/binding site of RNA polymerase is called
1376 - Recognition/binding site of RNA polymerase is called
promoter
1377 - Recombination of virus genomes occurs
1377 - Recombination of virus genomes occurs
simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes
1378 - Red alga also called ____
1378 - Red alga also called ____
Rhodophyta
1379 - Red snow of high altitudes is due to the presence of ________________
1379 - Red snow of high altitudes is due to the presence of ________________
protozoa
1380 - Reddening of meat in cooked meat broth is produced by
1380 - Reddening of meat in cooked meat broth is produced by
Clostridium perfringens
1381 - Reduction is the
1381 - Reduction is the
gain of electron
1382 - Relaxin is a bacterial product what role it performs in medicine
1382 - Relaxin is a bacterial product what role it performs in medicine
It ease chil birth
1383 - Removal of solids is generally considered as a
1383 - Removal of solids is generally considered as a
Primary treatment
1384 - repressor protein makes the cell resistant to lysis.
1384 - repressor protein makes the cell resistant to lysis.
TRUE
1385 - Reproductive organs are formed on the rhizoidal hyphae.
1385 - Reproductive organs are formed on the rhizoidal hyphae.
FALSE
1386 - Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus is due to ________________________?
1386 - Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus is due to ________________________?
Elaboration of an enzyme that destroy penicillin
1387 - Resolving power of a microscope is a function of ____________
1387 - Resolving power of a microscope is a function of ____________
Wavelength of light used and numerical aperture of lens system
1388 - Restrictions enzymes were first discovered with the observation that:
1388 - Restrictions enzymes were first discovered with the observation that:
phage DNA is destroyed in a host cell
1389 - Reverse transcriptase is a useful enzyme to have when
1389 - Reverse transcriptase is a useful enzyme to have when
an RNA virus converts its RNA to DNA
1390 - Reynolds Braude phenomenon is shown by ___________________?
1390 - Reynolds Braude phenomenon is shown by ___________________?
Candida albicans
1391 - Rh incompatibility is which type of hyper sensitivity reaction ?
1391 - Rh incompatibility is which type of hyper sensitivity reaction ?
Type II
1392 - Rhizopus have which type of spores?
1392 - Rhizopus have which type of spores?
Sporengiospore
1393 - Rhizopus nigricans produces which of the following products?
1393 - Rhizopus nigricans produces which of the following products?
Fumaric acid
1394 - Rhizopus produces clusters of rootlike holdfasts called _____________
1394 - Rhizopus produces clusters of rootlike holdfasts called _____________
rhizoids
1395 - Rhizopus stolonifer belongs to which class?
1395 - Rhizopus stolonifer belongs to which class?
Zygomycetes
1396 - Rho factor is a dimeric protein factor.
1396 - Rho factor is a dimeric protein factor.
FALSE
1397 - Rhodopseudomonas acidophila reproduces by which of the following methods?
1397 - Rhodopseudomonas acidophila reproduces by which of the following methods?
Budding
1398 - Riboflavin is a by-product of __________ fermentation carried out by Clostridium spp.
1398 - Riboflavin is a by-product of __________ fermentation carried out by Clostridium spp.
acetone butanol
1399 - Ribosomes of prokaryotes have a sedimentation coefficient of?
1399 - Ribosomes of prokaryotes have a sedimentation coefficient of?
70S
1400 - Rickes et al. recovered active crystalline vitamin B12 from the culture of
1400 - Rickes et al. recovered active crystalline vitamin B12 from the culture of
Streptomyces griseus
1401 - Rickettsiae__________________?
1401 - Rickettsiae__________________?
All of the above
1402 - Rideal Walker test is used to determine the efficiency of the_____________?
1402 - Rideal Walker test is used to determine the efficiency of the_____________?
Disinfectant
1403 - Ring test is used for
1403 - Ring test is used for
all of the above
1404 - Ringworm of the scalp is known as ______________
1404 - Ringworm of the scalp is known as ______________
tinea capitis
1405 - RISC stands for
1405 - RISC stands for
RNA induced silencing complex
1406 - RNA consists of which combination of bases?
1406 - RNA consists of which combination of bases?
Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
1407 - RNA in animal viruses exist as circular dsRNA.
1407 - RNA in animal viruses exist as circular dsRNA.
FALSE
1408 - RNA interfering promise for what?
1408 - RNA interfering promise for what?
A of these
1409 - RNA is a genetic material of ______
1409 - RNA is a genetic material of ______
Virus
1410 - RNA populations can also be used as PCR templates after reverse transcription into
1410 - RNA populations can also be used as PCR templates after reverse transcription into
c DNA
1411 - RNA that is complementary to a segment of another RNA molecule to which it will bind is known as
1411 - RNA that is complementary to a segment of another RNA molecule to which it will bind is known as
antisense RNA
1412 - RNAase is a single polypeptide chain of __________ amino acid residues.
1412 - RNAase is a single polypeptide chain of __________ amino acid residues.
124
1413 - RNAi is actually
1413 - RNAi is actually
Double stranded RNA molecuel
1414 - Robert H Whittaker provide which of the following kingdom system for classification ?
1414 - Robert H Whittaker provide which of the following kingdom system for classification ?
5 kingdom system
1415 - Robertsons cooked meat medium is best suited for cultivation of_______________?
1415 - Robertsons cooked meat medium is best suited for cultivation of_______________?
Clostridia
1416 - Roll-tube technique is used to isolate ___________
1416 - Roll-tube technique is used to isolate ___________
stringent anaerobes
1417 - Root nodules formed by which of the following Bacteria?
1417 - Root nodules formed by which of the following Bacteria?
Rhizobium
1418 - Ropiness caused by Enterobacter usually is
1418 - Ropiness caused by Enterobacter usually is
worse near the top of the milk
1419 - Ropiness in bread is caused by
1419 - Ropiness in bread is caused by
Bacillus subtilis
1420 - Rotary motor of flagella is associated with _________
1420 - Rotary motor of flagella is associated with _________
M and S ring
1421 - Rough and buff colonies on LJ medium are characteristic of
1421 - Rough and buff colonies on LJ medium are characteristic of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
1422 - Rous sarcoma virus consists of RNA as its genetic material.
1422 - Rous sarcoma virus consists of RNA as its genetic material.
TRUE
1423 - Rubella vaccines contain viruses are isolated only in African green monkey cells.
1423 - Rubella vaccines contain viruses are isolated only in African green monkey cells.
FALSE
1424 - RuBisCO enzyme plays an important role in __________
1424 - RuBisCO enzyme plays an important role in __________
dark phase
1425 - Rust and smuts are classified in which phylum?
1425 - Rust and smuts are classified in which phylum?
Basidiomycota
1426 - S,the Svedberg unit is a measure of ____________________________
1426 - S,the Svedberg unit is a measure of ____________________________
how fast a particle sediments during ultracentrifugation.
1427 - S. patorianns can cause
1427 - S. patorianns can cause
cloudiness in beer
1428 - S.pneumoniae produces which of the following type of colonies?
1428 - S.pneumoniae produces which of the following type of colonies?
alpha-haemolytic
1429 - Sabouraud media for the growth of fungi is composed of ____________________
1429 - Sabouraud media for the growth of fungi is composed of ____________________
maltose and peptone
1430 - Sabouraud media has ________________
1430 - Sabouraud media has ________________
low ph, high sugar concentration
1431 - Sabouraud's dextrose is used to grow ___________
1431 - Sabouraud's dextrose is used to grow ___________
Fungi
1432 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae help to produce__________
1432 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae help to produce__________
Both A and B
1433 - Saliva generally has a microbial population of _______ bacteria per milliliter.
1433 - Saliva generally has a microbial population of _______ bacteria per milliliter.
108
1434 - Salivary peroxidise system is known to be effective agianst________________?
1434 - Salivary peroxidise system is known to be effective agianst________________?
Lactobacillus acidophilus
1435 - Salivary protein, which prevents transmission of human immunodeficiency virus via saliva, is____________?
1435 - Salivary protein, which prevents transmission of human immunodeficiency virus via saliva, is____________?
Salivary leukocyte proteinase inhibitor
1436 - Salmonella typhi can be isolated at different times from______________?
1436 - Salmonella typhi can be isolated at different times from______________?
All of the above
1437 - Salmonella typhi has which type of flagella arrangement?
1437 - Salmonella typhi has which type of flagella arrangement?
Peritrichous
1438 - Salmonellae can also be killed by
1438 - Salmonellae can also be killed by
all of these
1439 - Salmonellois is caused by the
1439 - Salmonellois is caused by the
endotoxin of Salmonella spp
1440 - Same or closely related antigens present in different biological species are known as________________?
1440 - Same or closely related antigens present in different biological species are known as________________?
Heterophile antigens
1441 - Saprophytic bacteria cause
1441 - Saprophytic bacteria cause
sliminess or souring in piled, wet and heating vegetables
1442 - Saprophytic fungi
1442 - Saprophytic fungi
secure their food from dead organic materials
1443 - Saprozoic nutrition is characterized by
1443 - Saprozoic nutrition is characterized by
pinocytosis of soluble nutrients and subsequent formation of phagocytic vacuoles
1444 - Sarcina sickness of beer is caused by
1444 - Sarcina sickness of beer is caused by
Pedicoccus cerevisiae
1445 - Scanning acoustic microscopy can help us to interpret which of the following structures?
1445 - Scanning acoustic microscopy can help us to interpret which of the following structures?
All of these
1446 - Scarlet fever is similar to the pharyngitis in all respects.
1446 - Scarlet fever is similar to the pharyngitis in all respects.
FALSE
1447 - Schick Test is used for detection of which of the following disease?
1447 - Schick Test is used for detection of which of the following disease?
Diphtheria
1448 - Schizosaccharomyces versatilis is isolated from ________________
1448 - Schizosaccharomyces versatilis is isolated from ________________
grape juice
1449 - Schizosacchromyces also known as
1449 - Schizosacchromyces also known as
Fission Yeast
1450 - Schuffner's dots are seen in infection due to_______________?
1450 - Schuffner's dots are seen in infection due to_______________?
Plasmodium vivax
1451 - Sclerotic bodies measuring 3-5m in size, multi-septate, chestnut, brown color is characteristic of________________?
1451 - Sclerotic bodies measuring 3-5m in size, multi-septate, chestnut, brown color is characteristic of________________?
Chromoblastomycosis
1452 - Scrapie is a chronic disease of which of the following animals?
1452 - Scrapie is a chronic disease of which of the following animals?
sheep
1453 - Secondary response is mediated by_______________?
1453 - Secondary response is mediated by_______________?
IgG
1454 - Secretory Ig is_______________?
1454 - Secretory Ig is_______________?
IgA
1455 - Secretory piece of IgA is synthesized in______________?
1455 - Secretory piece of IgA is synthesized in______________?
Mucosal epithelium
1456 - Select the statement that does not apply to the kingdom Fungi
1456 - Select the statement that does not apply to the kingdom Fungi
The fungi are eukaryotic, multicellular, ingestive heterotrophs
1457 - Selective media facilitate growth of only one kind of organism. Saboraud medium is used to selectively isolate
1457 - Selective media facilitate growth of only one kind of organism. Saboraud medium is used to selectively isolate
yeasts
1458 - Selective media for MYCOBACTERIUM _____________?
1458 - Selective media for MYCOBACTERIUM _____________?
Lowenstein Jensen medium
1459 - Selective media for the isolation of Shigella is
1459 - Selective media for the isolation of Shigella is
All of these
1460 - Self reactive antibodies are not found in significant concentration in normal serum because
1460 - Self reactive antibodies are not found in significant concentration in normal serum because
B cells that are stimulated via their surface bound antibody in the absence of T cell help to commit suicide
1461 - Self replicating bacteria that is smaller in all bacteria also known as
1461 - Self replicating bacteria that is smaller in all bacteria also known as
Mycoplasma
1462 - Semi-solid media, prepared with agar at concentrations of 0.5% or less are useful for the cultivation of
1462 - Semi-solid media, prepared with agar at concentrations of 0.5% or less are useful for the cultivation of
Microaerophillic bacteria
1463 - Sereny test is used for the detection of
1463 - Sereny test is used for the detection of
enteroinvasive E. coli
1464 - Seroconversion in HIV infection takes place in______________?
1464 - Seroconversion in HIV infection takes place in______________?
4 weeks
1465 - Serological study for prevalence of Hepatitis B is best done by______________?
1465 - Serological study for prevalence of Hepatitis B is best done by______________?
Surface antigen
1466 - Serology deals with ________
1466 - Serology deals with ________
Both B and C
1467 - Serum sickness syndrome is an example of________________?
1467 - Serum sickness syndrome is an example of________________?
Systemic arthus reaction
1468 - Sexual reproduction in the Protozoa occurs most commonly by
1468 - Sexual reproduction in the Protozoa occurs most commonly by
conjugation
1469 - Shredded cabbage is the starting product for which of the following fermented food?
1469 - Shredded cabbage is the starting product for which of the following fermented food?
Sauerkraut
1470 - Shriveling in fermented pickles results from the physical effect of
1470 - Shriveling in fermented pickles results from the physical effect of
all of these
1471 - Sickle cell anemia is which type of mutation?
1471 - Sickle cell anemia is which type of mutation?
missense mutation
1472 - Signs of tyhoid fever is/are_____________________?
1472 - Signs of tyhoid fever is/are_____________________?
All of the above
1473 - Silver impregnation method of staining is useful to demonstrate_____________?
1473 - Silver impregnation method of staining is useful to demonstrate_____________?
Both of the above
1474 - Simulation of which of the following will lead to appearance of first antibody to appear following stimulation by an antigen?
1474 - Simulation of which of the following will lead to appearance of first antibody to appear following stimulation by an antigen?
IgM
1475 - Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as
1475 - Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as
amphitrichous
1476 - Site in the ribosome from which the tRNA donates amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain is
1476 - Site in the ribosome from which the tRNA donates amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain is
P site
1477 - Sleeping sickness is caused by_______________?
1477 - Sleeping sickness is caused by_______________?
Reduvid bug
1478 - Slide agglutination reaction is/are useful for the identification of the culture(s) of
1478 - Slide agglutination reaction is/are useful for the identification of the culture(s) of
All of these
1479 - Slime molds differ from the moldy fungi
1479 - Slime molds differ from the moldy fungi
in their mode of nutrition: phagocytosis for the slime molds; absorptive heterotroph for moldy fungi
1480 - Slimy or ropy kraut is caused by
1480 - Slimy or ropy kraut is caused by
encapsulated varieties of Lactobacillus plantarum
1481 - Slippery pickles occur due to
1481 - Slippery pickles occur due to
both (a) and (b)
1482 - Smith noguchi's media is used for_______________?
1482 - Smith noguchi's media is used for_______________?
Spirochetes
1483 - Soap, Hand sanitizer and detergent are actualy_________ agents.
1483 - Soap, Hand sanitizer and detergent are actualy_________ agents.
Degerming
1484 - Soft pickles are made so by pectolytic enzymes mostly from
1484 - Soft pickles are made so by pectolytic enzymes mostly from
moulds
1485 - Solutions of sodium hypochlorite of a 1% concentration are used for ________
1485 - Solutions of sodium hypochlorite of a 1% concentration are used for ________
personal hygiene and a household disinfectant
1486 - Solvents and enzymes are found in which of the following categories of microbial products?
1486 - Solvents and enzymes are found in which of the following categories of microbial products?
Commercially valuable chemicals
1487 - Some amount of air is also essential inside the chamber of the autoclave.
1487 - Some amount of air is also essential inside the chamber of the autoclave.
FALSE
1488 - Some cyanobacteria produce potent neurotoxins that, if ingested, will kill humans. These cyanobacteria are most likely to contaminate
1488 - Some cyanobacteria produce potent neurotoxins that, if ingested, will kill humans. These cyanobacteria are most likely to contaminate
water rich in phosphate wastes but poor in organic carbon
1489 - Some microorganisms have the ability to increase the nitrogen content of soils, are called as
1489 - Some microorganisms have the ability to increase the nitrogen content of soils, are called as
nitrogen fixation
1490 - Some organisms can use reduced inorganic compounds as electron donors and are termed as
1490 - Some organisms can use reduced inorganic compounds as electron donors and are termed as
lithotrophs
1491 - Southren Blotting test is used _____
1491 - Southren Blotting test is used _____
For identification of pathogen
1492 - Species of __________ are predominant on thawing vegetables like sweet corn and peas when the temperature of thawing is fairly low.
1492 - Species of __________ are predominant on thawing vegetables like sweet corn and peas when the temperature of thawing is fairly low.
Micrococcus
1493 - Species of Shigella which is predominant in India is
1493 - Species of Shigella which is predominant in India is
S flexneri
1494 - Species of the genus Streptomyces are known for
1494 - Species of the genus Streptomyces are known for
the production of antibiotics
1495 - Specific ,highly resistant, dormant structure that protect bacteria from adverse conditions is recognised as?
1495 - Specific ,highly resistant, dormant structure that protect bacteria from adverse conditions is recognised as?
Endospore
1496 - Spirillum is not classified as a spirochete because spirochetes ------
1496 - Spirillum is not classified as a spirochete because spirochetes ------
Posses axial filament
1497 - Spirochaetes exhibit
1497 - Spirochaetes exhibit
all of the above
1498 - Spirochetes like other bacteria swim best in media of low viscosity.
1498 - Spirochetes like other bacteria swim best in media of low viscosity.
FALSE
1499 - Spoilage of bread is caused by which of the following microorganism(s)?
1499 - Spoilage of bread is caused by which of the following microorganism(s)?
Rhizopus
1500 - Spores are disinfected by_______________?
1500 - Spores are disinfected by_______________?
Both A & C
1501 - Spores formed by sexual reproduction on a club-shaped structure are _______________
1501 - Spores formed by sexual reproduction on a club-shaped structure are _______________
Basidiospores
1502 - Sporozoites of plasmodium falciparum are shaped_______________?
1502 - Sporozoites of plasmodium falciparum are shaped_______________?
Sickle
1503 - Sporulation occurs in__________________?
1503 - Sporulation occurs in__________________?
Stationary phase
1504 - Standard free energy change (ΔG) can be expressed as
1504 - Standard free energy change (ΔG) can be expressed as
ΔG° = -RTlnkeq
1505 - Stanley's most notable contribution to microbiology is:
1505 - Stanley's most notable contribution to microbiology is:
Discovery of crystallized viruses
1506 - Staphylococcal food poisoning includes the following features_______________?
1506 - Staphylococcal food poisoning includes the following features_______________?
Common with dairy products
1507 - Staphylococcal food poisoning usually manifests itself following ingestion of contaminated food after
1507 - Staphylococcal food poisoning usually manifests itself following ingestion of contaminated food after
2-6 hours
1508 - Staphylococcal intoxication is caused by the toxin m the food from
1508 - Staphylococcal intoxication is caused by the toxin m the food from
Staphylococcus aureus
1509 - Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (SSS syndrome) is due to______________?
1509 - Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (SSS syndrome) is due to______________?
Enterotoxin F
1510 - Staphylococci typically occur in_________________?
1510 - Staphylococci typically occur in_________________?
Irregular clusters
1511 - Staphylococcus does not causes_______________?
1511 - Staphylococcus does not causes_______________?
Scarlet fever
1512 - Starch is an energy storage material characteristic of
1512 - Starch is an energy storage material characteristic of
rhodophyta
1513 - Starvation proteins are produced by a culture during which of the following segments of the growth curve?
1513 - Starvation proteins are produced by a culture during which of the following segments of the growth curve?
Stationary phase
1514 - Steam exposure of a material at 100°C for 20 minutes for three consecutive days is known as
1514 - Steam exposure of a material at 100°C for 20 minutes for three consecutive days is known as
tyndallization
1515 - Steam under pressure in used in ________ sterilization?
1515 - Steam under pressure in used in ________ sterilization?
Autoclave
1516 - Stem and loop structures are
1516 - Stem and loop structures are
structures in DNA caused by inverted repeats
1517 - Stem and rots caused by species of molds involve
1517 - Stem and rots caused by species of molds involve
stem ends of fruits
1518 - Stepticoccus pyogenes can be grown in which of the following media?
1518 - Stepticoccus pyogenes can be grown in which of the following media?
Blood agar
1519 - Sterilisation control for moist heat is “or” The efficacy of the moist heat sterilization technique commonly used to sterlilize laboratory ware and culture media is tested by using_______________?
1519 - Sterilisation control for moist heat is “or” The efficacy of the moist heat sterilization technique commonly used to sterlilize laboratory ware and culture media is tested by using_______________?
using Bacillus stearo thermo philus
1520 - Sterilisation is______________?
1520 - Sterilisation is______________?
All pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms killed
1521 - Sterilization is a process in which_________________?
1521 - Sterilization is a process in which_________________?
Deactivate all spores and dill pathogenic organism
1522 - Sterilization occurs at high temperatures for long periods of time.
1522 - Sterilization occurs at high temperatures for long periods of time.
FALSE
1523 - Sterilization of liquid paraffin is done by______________?
1523 - Sterilization of liquid paraffin is done by______________?
Hot air oven
1524 - Stickland reaction is the alternative name for ________
1524 - Stickland reaction is the alternative name for ________
Amino acid fermentation
1525 - Stormy clot reaction is useful in identification of
1525 - Stormy clot reaction is useful in identification of
C perfringens
1526 - Streptococcus are catalase-positive.
1526 - Streptococcus are catalase-positive.
FALSE
1527 - Streptococcus is classified based on__________________?
1527 - Streptococcus is classified based on__________________?
Cell wall carbohydrate
1528 - Streptococcus pyogenes can be differentiated from other haemolytic Streptococci on the basis of
1528 - Streptococcus pyogenes can be differentiated from other haemolytic Streptococci on the basis of
Bacitracin sensitivity
1529 - Streptococus pyogenes comprises which Lancefield group?
1529 - Streptococus pyogenes comprises which Lancefield group?
A
1530 - Streptolysin O is
1530 - Streptolysin O is
all of these
1531 - Streptomyces orientalis produces which of the following antibiotics?
1531 - Streptomyces orientalis produces which of the following antibiotics?
Vancomycin
1532 - Streptomyces sp. show the budding mode of reproduction.
1532 - Streptomyces sp. show the budding mode of reproduction.
FALSE
1533 - Streptomycin is produced by which of the following organisms?
1533 - Streptomycin is produced by which of the following organisms?
Streptomyces griseus
1534 - Stringent anaerobes can be grown in a media by taking special measure as
1534 - Stringent anaerobes can be grown in a media by taking special measure as
any of these
1535 - Structurally all penicillins have only beta-lactam present in them.
1535 - Structurally all penicillins have only beta-lactam present in them.
FALSE
1536 - Stuart's transport medium is used for transport of specimen containing
1536 - Stuart's transport medium is used for transport of specimen containing
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
1537 - Studies of similarities and differences among the genomes of multiple organisms is carried out in
1537 - Studies of similarities and differences among the genomes of multiple organisms is carried out in
comparative genomics
1538 - Subacute bacterial endocarditis is caused by_____________?
1538 - Subacute bacterial endocarditis is caused by_____________?
Streptococcus viridans
1539 - Sulfanilamide was synthesized by which of the following research scientists?
1539 - Sulfanilamide was synthesized by which of the following research scientists?
Gelmo
1540 - Sulfonamides and arsphenamine are similar in their specificity for a special group of organism.
1540 - Sulfonamides and arsphenamine are similar in their specificity for a special group of organism.
FALSE
1541 - Sulfur stinker spoilage, caused by is uncommonly found in
1541 - Sulfur stinker spoilage, caused by is uncommonly found in
low acid foods
1542 - Sulphates are reduced to hydrogen sulphide by _____________________
1542 - Sulphates are reduced to hydrogen sulphide by _____________________
Desulfotomaculum sp.
1543 - Sunlight acts as sterilizing agent because_________________?
1543 - Sunlight acts as sterilizing agent because_________________?
short wave lenght
1544 - Supercoiling refers to the extra turns in the structure of ds DNA due to the action of
1544 - Supercoiling refers to the extra turns in the structure of ds DNA due to the action of
DNA gyrase
1545 - Suppose a eukaryotic cell had a mutation that prevented the production of cytochrome c. As a result of this mutation, which of the following processes would not occur?
1545 - Suppose a eukaryotic cell had a mutation that prevented the production of cytochrome c. As a result of this mutation, which of the following processes would not occur?
Cellular respiration
1546 - Surface appandage of bacteria that help in DNA transfer from cell to cellPilli
1546 - Surface appandage of bacteria that help in DNA transfer from cell to cellPilli
Pilli
1547 - Surface area/volume ratio of bacteria is exceedingly low compared to the same ratio for larger organisms of similar shape.
1547 - Surface area/volume ratio of bacteria is exceedingly low compared to the same ratio for larger organisms of similar shape.
FALSE
1548 - Surface taint in butter which is blamed on Pseudomonas putrefaciens is also called as
1548 - Surface taint in butter which is blamed on Pseudomonas putrefaciens is also called as
both (a) and (b)
1549 - Surface texture of strains are related to virulence.
1549 - Surface texture of strains are related to virulence.
TRUE
1550 - Surgery wound are caused by________
1550 - Surgery wound are caused by________
Bacteroides
1551 - Suspected colonies of Staphylococcus aureus when grown on Baird-Parker medium shall show
1551 - Suspected colonies of Staphylococcus aureus when grown on Baird-Parker medium shall show
coagulase activity
1552 - Suspension cultures consist of cells and cell aggregates, growing dispersed in
1552 - Suspension cultures consist of cells and cell aggregates, growing dispersed in
liquid medium
1553 - SV 40 causes diseases in which animals?
1553 - SV 40 causes diseases in which animals?
monkeys
1554 - Sweet and salty foods frequently don't require refrigeration to prevent spoilage because they have
1554 - Sweet and salty foods frequently don't require refrigeration to prevent spoilage because they have
high concentration of solutes
1555 - Swelling of the can is caused primarily by
1555 - Swelling of the can is caused primarily by
gas forming, anaerobic spore formers
1556 - Swimming towards a chemical of bacteria is termed as
1556 - Swimming towards a chemical of bacteria is termed as
positive chemotaxis
1557 - Swiss cheese can be derived from:
1557 - Swiss cheese can be derived from:
Lactic acid
1558 - Sylvatic plague occurs in
1558 - Sylvatic plague occurs in
all of these
1559 - Synthesis of antibodies in plasma cells occurs in_________________?
1559 - Synthesis of antibodies in plasma cells occurs in_________________?
Endoplasmic reticulum
1560 - Syntrophism involves
1560 - Syntrophism involves
exchange of nutrients between two species
1561 - Syphilis is caused by which of the following organism?
1561 - Syphilis is caused by which of the following organism?
Treponema pallidum
1562 - T cell matures in______________?
1562 - T cell matures in______________?
Thymus
1563 - T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells
1563 - T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells
recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules
1564 - T cells multiplication is stimulated by_______________?
1564 - T cells multiplication is stimulated by_______________?
Phytohaemagglutinin
1565 - Taxol is drug of choicw for cancer therapy ,which of the following fungus responsible for its production?
1565 - Taxol is drug of choicw for cancer therapy ,which of the following fungus responsible for its production?
Taxomyces
1566 - TCA cycle functions in
1566 - TCA cycle functions in
amphibolic reactions
1567 - Techoic acid is present in_____________?
1567 - Techoic acid is present in_____________?
Cell wall of Gram positive organisms
1568 - Teichoic acid is present in cell walls of_________________?
1568 - Teichoic acid is present in cell walls of_________________?
Gram positive bacteria
1569 - Teichoic acid present in Gram-positive bacteria can bind to which ion?
1569 - Teichoic acid present in Gram-positive bacteria can bind to which ion?
Mg ions
1570 - Teichoic acids are typically found in
1570 - Teichoic acids are typically found in
cell walls of gram positive bacteria
1571 - Test for differentiating virulent form non-virulent tubercular bacilli_____________?
1571 - Test for differentiating virulent form non-virulent tubercular bacilli_____________?
Neutral red test
1572 - T-even phage binding to E. coli probably involves
1572 - T-even phage binding to E. coli probably involves
electrostatic interaction
1573 - Thayer-Martin medium is used for isolation of organism for which disease?
1573 - Thayer-Martin medium is used for isolation of organism for which disease?
gonorrhea
1574 - The enzyme responsible for turning on process of transcription in DNA of bacteria is known as______
1574 - The enzyme responsible for turning on process of transcription in DNA of bacteria is known as______
Inducer
1575 - The ""A"" subunit of diphtheria toxin
1575 - The ""A"" subunit of diphtheria toxin
cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
1576 - The __________ is the vegetative body of algae.
1576 - The __________ is the vegetative body of algae.
thallus
1577 - The __________ of the influenza-enveloped virus appear to be involved in attachment to the host cell receptor site.
1577 - The __________ of the influenza-enveloped virus appear to be involved in attachment to the host cell receptor site.
hemagluttinin
1578 - The 95% ethanol is equivalent to
1578 - The 95% ethanol is equivalent to
190 proof
1579 - The ability of a competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in an allosterically controlled enzyme is __________ than the ability of a non-competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in the same allosterically controlled enzyme.
1579 - The ability of a competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in an allosterically controlled enzyme is __________ than the ability of a non-competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in the same allosterically controlled enzyme.
greater
1580 - The ability of B. coagulans to grow in tomato juice depends upon the
1580 - The ability of B. coagulans to grow in tomato juice depends upon the
all of these
1581 - The ability of CTP to bind to aspartate carbamoyltransferase and shut down the synthesis of more CTP is an example of
1581 - The ability of CTP to bind to aspartate carbamoyltransferase and shut down the synthesis of more CTP is an example of
feedback inhibition of enzyme activity
1582 - The ability of FADH to be oxidized is __________ than the ability of FAD to be oxidized.
1582 - The ability of FADH to be oxidized is __________ than the ability of FAD to be oxidized.
greater
1583 - The ability of Vibrio fischeri to convert chemical energy directly into radiant energy in bioluminescence is an example of __________ at work.
1583 - The ability of Vibrio fischeri to convert chemical energy directly into radiant energy in bioluminescence is an example of __________ at work.
the first law of thermodynamics
1584 - The ability of Vibrio fischeri to produce bioluminescence chemicals only when a certain population density has been reached is an example of
1584 - The ability of Vibrio fischeri to produce bioluminescence chemicals only when a certain population density has been reached is an example of
quorum sensing
1585 - The acetate-utilizing methanogens are responsible for
1585 - The acetate-utilizing methanogens are responsible for
70% of methane produced in a biogas reactor
1586 - The acidity may be described as ""aromatic"" when
1586 - The acidity may be described as ""aromatic"" when
Lactic streptococci and aroma forming Leuconostoc species are growing together
1587 - The acquisition energy by glucose fermentation requires
1587 - The acquisition energy by glucose fermentation requires
substrate-level phosphorylation
1588 - The Acrasiomycota differ from the Myxomycota
1588 - The Acrasiomycota differ from the Myxomycota
in their cellular organization
1589 - The activation of amino acids requires energy.
1589 - The activation of amino acids requires energy.
TRUE
1590 - The active form of enzyme is
1590 - The active form of enzyme is
holoenzyme
1591 - The aerated submerged bacterial fermentation to produce vitamin B12 employs strains of
1591 - The aerated submerged bacterial fermentation to produce vitamin B12 employs strains of
both (a) and (b)
1592 - The affinity of an enzyme for its substrate, when the enzyme has a Km of 0.50 M will be __________ than the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate when the enzyme has a Km of 0.05 M.
1592 - The affinity of an enzyme for its substrate, when the enzyme has a Km of 0.50 M will be __________ than the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate when the enzyme has a Km of 0.05 M.
lesser
1593 - The agent representing an isolate of hepatitis G virus is
1593 - The agent representing an isolate of hepatitis G virus is
GBV-C
1594 - The agent responsible for causing mad cow disease is thought to be a
1594 - The agent responsible for causing mad cow disease is thought to be a
prion
1595 - The agent(s) which can cause plague is/are
1595 - The agent(s) which can cause plague is/are
Yersinia pestis
1596 - The algae Chlamydomonas demonstrates a complex life cycle that switches between haploid and diploid forms. This life cycle is called
1596 - The algae Chlamydomonas demonstrates a complex life cycle that switches between haploid and diploid forms. This life cycle is called
an alternation of generations
1597 - The American Type Culture Collection, located in Rockville, Maryland in the year 1980 has a collection of bacterial strain in what numbers?
1597 - The American Type Culture Collection, located in Rockville, Maryland in the year 1980 has a collection of bacterial strain in what numbers?
11500
1598 - The amino acids for protein synthesis is activated by the enzyme ______________
1598 - The amino acids for protein synthesis is activated by the enzyme ______________
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
1599 - The amount of ATP produced by a cell from glucose when metabolizing it by fermentation means is
1599 - The amount of ATP produced by a cell from glucose when metabolizing it by fermentation means is
lesser than by aerobic metabolism
1600 - The amount of ATP that can be obtained by complete oxidation of a glucose by a bacterium is
1600 - The amount of ATP that can be obtained by complete oxidation of a glucose by a bacterium is
greater than by a yeast cell
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